The Welsh Government is currently reviewing new proposals for the reintroduction of beavers in Wales, following an expert review that was delayed and has now concluded. The review, carried out by environment body Natural Resources Wales (NRW), is being examined by ministers, although no decisions have been made yet. Beavers, semi-aquatic mammals, are not recognised as native species in Wales and do not have protected status, unlike in Scotland and England.
Advocates for beaver reintroduction argue that the animals can positively impact the environment by enhancing river water quality, slowing water flow during heavy rain through dam-building, and increasing biodiversity. European beavers were extinct in Britain 400 to 500 years ago but have made a partial return in Wales through managed enclosures or unlicensed releases and escapes.
In January 2023, the Welsh Government requested NRW to conduct a feasibility study on reintroducing beavers and expressed interest in the evidence. Subsequently, NRW and Welsh Government officials have been finalising their work to form a policy framework and agreement on beavers’ role in ecosystem restoration and protection measures. The Welsh Government is considering a range of proposals, including options for legally protecting European beavers and policy and management strategies.
Alicia Leow-Dyke, from Wildlife Trusts Wales, highlighted the benefits of beavers in controlling vegetation and improving habitats. She emphasised the importance of managing potential negative impacts, such as flooding risks to agricultural land posed by beaver dams. The Wildlife Trusts has urged both the UK and Welsh Governments to expedite beavers’ return, provide full legal protection, and incentivise land managers to create water-friendly spaces.
The National Farmers’ Union has expressed concerns about the potential impact of beaver dams on agricultural activities, highlighting the need for careful management strategies. The UK Government has stated its support for species reintroduction where beneficial, collaborating with Natural England on beaver projects in England. The evolving discussion around beaver reintroduction in Wales underscores the complexity of balancing environmental conservation with socio-economic considerations.