Travellers heading to Italy have been alerted to a warning due to the emergence of a potentially fatal tropical illness. Italy has reported nearly 200 cases of dengue fever, a viral infection transmitted from mosquitoes to humans. Dengue fever, also known as break-bone fever due to the severe muscle and joint pain it induces, can lead to serious complications and even death. Although typically found in tropical regions like Africa, Asia, and the Americas, the illness is increasingly appearing in other parts of the world, including Europe.
According to Travel Health Pro, Italy has recorded 173 locally acquired cases of dengue fever since the beginning of 2024, indicating that the infections originated within the country rather than being brought in by travellers. The World Health Organisation has highlighted a significant increase in dengue cases worldwide over the past few decades, with the disease now endemic in over 100 countries.
Symptoms of dengue fever include high fever, headache, body aches, nausea, rash, pain behind the eyes, muscle and joint pains, vomiting, and swollen glands. While most individuals recover within one to two weeks, severe cases may require hospitalization, and in some instances, dengue can be fatal. Signs of severe dengue include abdominal pain, persistent vomiting, rapid breathing, bleeding gums or nose, fatigue, restlessness, and pale skin.
Prevention measures recommended by the WHO to reduce the risk of contracting dengue include using mosquito bite protection such as covering up with clothing, using mosquito nets sprayed with repellent, installing window screens, using mosquito repellents containing DEET, and employing coils and vaporizers. Travellers who feel unwell after visiting a dengue-endemic country are advised to contact a healthcare provider promptly for evaluation.
In light of the current outbreak in Italy, it is essential for travellers to be vigilant about protecting themselves from mosquito bites to mitigate the risk of contracting dengue fever. The spread of this tropical illness serves as a reminder of the importance of taking preventive measures while travelling to regions where mosquito-borne diseases are prevalent.